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Stamping in cold stamping, materials (metal or nonmetal) are processed into parts (or semi-finished products). Stamping is a kind of pressure processing method, which uses the die installed on the press to exert pressure on the material at room temperature to make it separate or plastically deform, so as to obtain the required parts. The die mounted on the press is directly contacted with the material (metal or nonmetal) after being fitted with die accessories such as punching needles, so that the material is separated or plastically deformed, thus obtaining the required parts. Stamping die is an indispensable technological equipment for stamping production, and it is a technology-intensive product. The quality, production efficiency and production cost of stamping parts are directly related to the precision and quality of die design and die parts.
Stamping die structure
Generally, the structure of the metal stamping die can be divided into the upper die and lower die. The upper die is composed of a die handle (punch handle), guide sleeve, punch, backing plate, fixing plate, screw, pin, upper die base (upper support), and stripping plate. The lower die is generally composed of a lower die base, a material guide plate (side guide plate), a female die, a material retaining plate, a material bearing plate, guide posts, screws, and pins.
Stamping die classification
There are many forms of stamping dies, and stamping dies are classified according to the working nature, die structure, and die materials.
一、according to the nature of the process classification
1. blanking dies A mold that separates materials along a closed or open contour line. Such as blanking die, punching dies, cutting die, cutting die, trimming die, cutting die, etc.
2. Bending die A die for bending a blank or another blank along a straight line (bending line) to obtain a workpiece with a certain angle and shape. 3. Drawing die It's a mold that makes the blank sheet metal into an open hollow part, or further changes the shape and size of the hollow part.
4. Forming die It is a mold that directly replicates the blank or semi-finished workpiece according to the shape of the convex and concave die, while the material itself only produces local plastic deformation. Such as expanding die, necking die, expanding die, undulating forming die, flanging dies, shaping die, etc.
5. Riveting die It is to use external force to connect or overlap the participating parts in a certain order and way, and then form a whole.
二、Second, according to the degree of process combination classification
1, a single process dies In one stroke of the press, only one stamping process is completed.
2. Compound die There is only one station, and in one stroke of the press, two or more stamping processes can be simultaneously completed at the same station.
3. Progressive die (also called a continuous die) In the feeding direction of the blank, there are two or more stations, and in one stroke of the press, two or more stamping processes are successively completed in different stations.
4. Transfer mode Combining the characteristics of a single-step die and progressive die, the robot transfer system is used to realize the rapid transfer of products in the die, which can greatly improve the production efficiency of products, reduce the production cost of products, save material costs, and ensure stable and reliable quality.
三、Three, according to the product processing method classification According to the different processing methods of products, the dies can be divided into five categories: punching and shearing dies, bending dies, drawing dies, forming dies and compression dies.
1. punching and shearing die: The work is done by shearing, and the commonly used forms are shearing die, blanking die, punching die, trimming die, trimming die, broaching die and punching die.
2. Bending die: It is to bend a flat blank into an angle shape. Depending on the shape, precision and output of parts, there are many different forms of dies, such as ordinary bending dies, cam bending dies, curling dies, arc bending dies, bending punching dies and twisting dies.
3. Drawing the mold: The drawing mould is to make the plane blank into a seamless container with bottom.
4. Forming die: It refers to using various local deformation methods to change the shape of blank, and its forms include convex forming die, rolled edge forming die, necking forming die, hole flange forming die and round edge forming die.
5. Compression mold: It is the use of strong pressure to make the metal blank flow and deform into the required shape. There are extrusion dies, embossing dies, stamping dies and end pressing dies.
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